Uwitekaumupira wamaguruyasohotse muri 1950.Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubumenyi nubuhanga, gukomeza kunoza ikoranabuhanga ryumusaruro nimiterere yibicuruzwa, mumyaka 40 gusa, byateye imbere byihuse mubyiciro byingenzi bya valve.Mu bihugu by’iburengerazuba byateye imbere, ikoreshwa ry’imipira ryiyongera uko umwaka utashye.
Imipira yumupira ikoreshwa cyane mugutunganya peteroli, imiyoboro ndende, inganda zikora imiti, gukora impapuro, imiti, kubungabunga amazi, amashanyarazi, ubuyobozi bwa komini, ibyuma nizindi nganda, kandi bifite umwanya wingenzi mubukungu bwigihugu.Ifite ibikorwa byo kuzunguruka dogere 90, umubiri winkoko ni umuzingi, hamwe nuruziga runyuze mu mwobo cyangwa umuyoboro unyura mu murongo.
Umupira wumupira ukoreshwa cyane cyane mugukata, gukwirakwiza no guhindura icyerekezo cyogutwara imiyoboro.Irakeneye gusa kuzunguruka dogere 90 kandi urumuri ruto rushobora gufungwa cyane.Umupira wumupira urakwiriye cyane gukoreshwa nka switch na funga-valve, V-umupira wumupira.Usibye kwita ku bipimo by'imiyoboro, indanga z'amashanyarazi zigomba no kwita cyane cyane ku bidukikije zikoreshwa.Kubera ko igikoresho cyamashanyarazi muri valve yamashanyarazi nigikoresho cya elegitoroniki, imikoreshereze yacyo igira ingaruka cyane kubidukikije.Mubihe bisanzwe, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane cyane gukoresha imipira yumupira wamashanyarazi hamwe nibinyugunyugu mubidukikije bikurikira.
Gutondekanya imikorere
1. Bypass valve: Ubusanzwe umupira wumupira ufungurwa namazi ahamye, bityo valve ya bypass igashyirwaho mbere, ni ukuvuga ko impande zombi zuzuye amazi;
2. Umuyaga wo mu kirere: iyo wuzuye amazi, buoy izahita ifunga valve mugihe umwuka wavanyweho;mugihe cyo kumisha, buoy izamanurwa ubwayo mugihe ikoreshwa mukuzuza umwuka;
3. Umuvuduko wubutabazi bwumuvuduko: mugihe ufunguye no gufunga valve, kura amazi yumuvuduko uri hagati ya valve nigifuniko cya kashe kugirango wirinde kwambara igifuniko;
4. Umuyoboro wumwanda: kura umwanda mugice cyo hasi cyumupira.
Itumanaho
1. Umuyoboro wa pneumatike
2. Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi
3. Umuyoboro wa hydraulic
4. Umuyoboro wa pneumatike hydraulic umupira
5. Umuyoboro wa electro-hydraulic
6. Turbine yo gutwara umupira wa valve
